I.Patient Imyiteguro
1. Umva aho, kamere, ingano no gutondamira ibintu by'amahanga
Fata ibice bya x-ray cyangwa ct scan yijosi, igituza, ibitekerezo bya anteroposter hamwe nikintu gikenewe kugirango usobanukirwe ahantu, kamere, imiterere, imiterere, no kubaho no kubaho byo kumira ibizamini.
2. Kwiyiriza ubusa no kwiyiriza amazi
Bisanzwe, abarwayi biyiriza amasaha 6 kugeza 8 kugirango basiba ibihute, kandi igihe cyo kwiyiriza ubusa no kwiyiriza ubusa birashobora kuruhuka neza kubusazi bwihutirwa.
3. Ubufasha bwa anesthesia
Bana, abaduteranya imitekerereze, abadakorana, cyangwa abafite imibiri y'amagufwa, imirambo minini, imirambo myinshi y'amahanga, imibiri miremire ikwiye gukoreshwa muri anesteali. Kuraho ibintu by'amahanga.
II. Gutegura Ibikoresho
1. Guhitamo Enoscope
Ubwoko bwose bwo kureba imbere bureba. Niba bivugwa ko bigoye gukuraho umubiri wamahanga cyangwa umubiri wamahanga ni manini, inshuro ebyiri zo kubaga gastroskopi zikoreshwa. Endoscopes hamwe na diameter ntoya irashobora gukoreshwa ku mpinja n'abana bato.
2. Guhitamo Imbaraga
Ahanini biterwa nubunini nuburyo bwumubiri wamahanga. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo imbaraga za biopsy, umutego, ingufu za jawake eshatu, imbaraga zumubiri zisenyutse (ingufu zumubiri zamahanga (agace kavuza ibyuma, guhosha kwanga amabuye, nibindi, igikapu cyo gukuraho amabuye, nibindi.
Guhitamo ibikoresho birashobora kugenwa bishingiye ku bunini, imiterere, ubwoko, nibindi. Dukurikije raporo z'ibitabo, Fort-iry'inyoni ni yo ikoreshwa cyane. Igipimo cy'imikoreshereze y'imbeba ni 24.0% ~ 46,6% by'ibikoresho byose byakoreshejwe, kandi imitego kuri 4.0% ~ 23,6%. Muri rusange bizera ko imitego ari nziza kumahanga maremare yimiti ya rod. Bene nka TranbruSusters, yoza amenyo, imigano, amakaramu, nibindi, hamwe numwanya wimperuka ntizigomba kurenga 1cm, bitabaye ibyo bizagorana gusohoka muri karita.
2.1 Imiryango ihindagurika
Kubintu byamahanga bifatika hamwe nuburyo bworoshye kandi bunini bwo hanze nkamenyo yinyo, biroroshye guhitamo plars eshatu Kubintu byamahanga (nka cores, barsi yikirahure, batteri ya buto, nibindi), koresha igitebo cyo gukuraho ibuye cyangwa guhora ukuraho amabuye kugirango ubakureho bitoroshye.
2.2 Imibiri miremire yamahanga, ibiryo, n'amabuye manini mu gifu
Ku mibiri y'amahanga maremare, amacakubiri maremare yumubiri wamahanga agomba kuba asangirwa na ndende ya lumen, hamwe nimpera ityaye cyangwa iherezo rifunguye ritoroshye, kandi rikikuramo mugihe utera umwuka. Kubwara-imirambo yamahanga cyangwa imibiri yimihanga hamwe nu mwobo, ni byiza gukoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya kugirango ubakureho;
Kubijyanye nibiryo n'amabuye manini mu gifu, kurubaro birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango babujanjagure hanyuma bakurweho hamwe ningabo eshatu cyangwa umutego.
3. Ibikoresho byo kurinda
Koresha ibikoresho byo kurinda byinshi bishoboka kubintu byamahanga bigoye gukuraho kandi bishobora guteza akaga. Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo imipira iboneye, imiyoboro yo hanze, no kurinda ibifuniko.
3.1 Cap ya mucyo
Mugihe cyo gukuraho umubiri wamahanga, capparent cap ikwiye gukoreshwa kumpera ya endoscopic lens ishoboka kugirango ikumire mu mubiri w'amahanga, no kwagura ibya Esofafu kugabanya imyigaragambyo yahuye nazo iyo umubiri wo hanze wavanyweho. Irashobora kandi gufasha guhana no gukuramo umubiri wamahanga, bifitiye akamaro kuvanaho umubiri wamahanga. fata.
Ku mibiri y'amahoro yashizwemo muri Mucosa ku mpande zombi za Esofagus, umuhanga mucyo urashobora gukoreshwa mu gusunika mu mpera za Esofageal kugirango urukuta rw'imirenge rw'imirenge kugira ngo urukuta rw'umubiri wa Esophageal kugira ngo ruhindure urukuta rw'imirenge ku buryo rwirinda gukuraho burundu.
Cap ya mucyo irashobora kandi gutanga umwanya uhagije wo gukora igikoresho, kimeze neza kumenya no gukuraho imirambo mu gice cy'ijosi rigufi bwa esophageal.
Mugihe kimwe, umupira wamaguru urashobora gukoresha igituba kibi kugirango afashe gukuramo ibiryo kandi yoroshya gutunganya nyuma.
3.2 Gukata hanze
Mugihe urinda Esofagus hamwe na esophageal-gastric Ihuriro rya Esophageal Mucosa, umuyoboro wo hanze wongeye kuvana muri endoscopic kuva kera, yo hanze, hamwe no kuvana ibintu byinshi, bigabanya ibintu byibiribwa mugihe cyo gukuraho umubiri wo hejuru wamahanga. Ongera umutekano n'imikorere yo kwivuza.
Ikwirakwizwa ridakunze gukoreshwa mubana kubera ibyago byo kwangiza esofagus mugihe cyo kwinjiza.
3.3 Igipfukisho cyo gukingira
Shira igifuniko cyo gukingira hejuru kuruhande rwimbere ya endoscope. Nyuma yo guhindagira ikintu cyamahanga, fungura igifuniko kirinda no kuzinga ikintu cyamahanga mugihe cyo gukuramo Endoscope kugirango wirinde ibintu byamahanga.
Bizana guhura na Mucous Membrane yo gugororoka kandi igira uruhare ruringira.
4. Uburyo bwo kuvura muburyo butandukanye bwamahanga mumahanga yo hejuru ya Gastrointestinal
4.1 Ibiribwa Byibiri muri Esofagus
Raporo zerekana ko imbaga nyinshi zikoreshwa muri esophagusi zishobora guterwa witonze munda hanyuma zigasigara zigomba gusezererwa bisanzwe, ziroroshye kandi zidakunze gutera ibibazo. Mugihe cyo guteza imbere ibisaruzi, harashobora gutangwa ifaranga rya Lusophage, ariko abarwayi bamwe barashobora guherekezwa n'ibibyimba bibi bya Esofageal cyangwa nyuma ya Esophamomotic Spanosic (Ishusho 1). Niba hari iby'ibirwanya kandi usunika bikabije, ukurikiza igitutu kinini uzamura ibyago byo kugabanya. Birasabwa gukoresha igorofa yo gukuraho ibuye cyangwa gukuraho amabuye kugirango ukureho umubiri wamahanga. Niba ibiryo Bolus ari binini, urashobora gukoresha imbaraga zumubiri zamahanga, imitego, nibindi. Kubara hejuru mbere yo kuyishyiramo. Fata.
Igishushanyo 1 Nyuma yo kubagwa kanseri ya Esophagel, umurwayi yari aherekejwe na Steophase yabayeho no kugumana ibiryo.
4.2 Bigufi kandi bihindagurika
Imiryango myinshi ngufi kandi idahwitse irashobora gukurwaho binyuze kumubiri wumubiri, imitego, ibiseke byo gukuraho amabuye, imifuka yo gukuraho amabuye, nibindi (Ishusho (Ishusho 2). Niba umubiri wamahanga muri esophagusi bigoye gukuraho mu buryo butaziguye, birashobora gusunikwa mu gifu kugirango uhindure umwanya hanyuma ugerageze kuyikuraho. Imiryango igufi, idahwitse ya diameter ya> 2.5 mu gifu iragoye kunyura muri Pylorus, kandi gutabara Endoscopic bigomba gukorwa vuba bishoboka; Niba imibiri yimihanga ifite diameter ntoya mu gifu cyangwa duodenum ntabwo yerekana ibyangiritse bya gastrointestinali, birashobora gutegereza gusohora kwabo. Niba bisigaye mubyumweru birenga 3-4 kandi sinshobora gusohoka, bigomba kuvaho neza.
Igishushanyo 2 Amahanga ya plastike nuburyo bwo gukuraho
4.3 Imibiri
Ibintu by'amahanga bifite uburebure bwa cm 6 (nka Traprushengs, amenyo, imigano, amakaramu, ibiyiko, bityo bikunze gukusanywa n'umutego cyangwa igitebo.
Umutego urashobora gukoreshwa mugupfukirana impera imwe (bitarenze cm 1 kure yimpera), hanyuma ugashyirwa kumupira wamaguru kugirango uyikuramo. Igikoresho cyo hanze cya Cannula kirashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugufata umubiri wamahanga hanyuma usubira inyuma neza muri kannula yo hanze kugirango yirinde kwangiza uruganda.
4.4 Ibintu bikarishye
Ibintu by'amashanyarazi bityaye nk'amagufwa y'amafi, amagufwa y'inkoko, imbohe, inono, amabati, na pill trin agasanduku ko gupfunyika bihagije. Ibintu bitoroshye byamahanga bishobora kwangiza byoroshye uruganda rutugu hamwe nimiyoboro yamaraso kandi bigagerwaho kubibazo nko kugabanya witonze. Ubuyobozi bwihutirwa Endoscopic.
Igishushanyo 3 Ubwoko butandukanye bwibintu byamahanga
Mugihe ukuraho imibiri yakaze munsiOscope, biroroshye gushushanya mucosa yubukorikori. Birasabwa gukoresha ingofero yumurongo, ushobora kwerekana byimazeyo lumen kandi wirinde gushushanya urukuta. Gerageza kuzana impera yumubiri wamahanga hafi yimpera za endoscopic lens kugirango hashyizwe ahagaragara umunyamahangarwe, hanyuma ugerageze kugumana umurambo wumunyamahanga, hanyuma ugerageze kugumana umurambo wumunyamahanga ugereranije na Esofagus mbere yo kuva mu rugero. Imirenge yamahanga yinjijwe kuruhande rumwe rwa esophagusi irashobora gukurwaho mugushyira ingoyi mu mucyo ku mpera yimbere ya endoscope hanyuma winjire buhoro buhoro. Kubwinshi bwamagufwa byinjijwe mu mwobo wa Esophaphal ku mpande zombi, hashyizwe ahagaragara iherezo rya mbere, mubisanzwe kuruhande rwikintu cyambere, hindura icyerekezo cyikintu cyamahanga kugirango umutwe wugari ushyizwe mu mucyo, hanyuma uwukureho. Cyangwa nyuma yo gukoresha icyuma cya laser kugirango igabanye umubiri wamahanga hagati, uburambe bwacu ni ukubanza kurekura artory arch cyangwa uruhande rwumutima ubanza, hanyuma tubikuremo ibyiciro.
A.id: Iyo urya, gukorora, cyangwa kuganirag, abarwayi barashobora kugwa ku bw'impanuka, hanyuma binjira mu gitabo cyo hejuru cyo hejuru hamwe no kumira ingendo. Igihangano gityaye hamwe nicyuma kurimbiro zombi biroroshye kwishyiriraho kurukuta rwa tract, Gukuraho biragoye. Ku barwayi bananiwe gushyira muri motoscopic rohoscopic, ibikoresho byinshi bya filme birashobora gukoreshwa mugushaka kuvana munsi yibirimo duale motoscopy.
B.Date PITS: Itariki Pits Yinjijwe muri Esophagus muri Esophagus ityaye ku mpande zombi, ishobora kuganisha kubibazo nka Mucosal Damage, kuva amaraso, kwandura burundu no gutondara mugihe gito, kandi bigomba kuvurwa no kwivuza byihutirwa bya Endoscopic (Ishusho 4). Niba nta gukomeretsa gastrointestinal, amato menshi yitariki mu gifu cyangwa duodenum irashobora gusohoka mu masaha 48. Abadashobora gusohoka mubisanzwe bagomba gukurwaho vuba bishoboka.
Igishushanyo 4 Jujube Core
Nyuma y'iminsi ine, umurwayi bamusanganye n'umubiri w'amahanga mu bindi bitaro. CT yerekanye umubiri wamahanga muri esofagus hamwe no kugabanya. Inkeraguke jujube jujube ku mpande zombi zakuweho munsi ya Endoscopy na gastroscopy yongeye gukora. Byasanze ko fistula yashizweho kurukuta rwa Esofagus.
4.5 Ibintu binini byamahanga hamwe nimpande ndende kandi impande zikarishye (Ishusho 5)
a. Install the outer tube under endoscope: Insert the gastroscope from the center of the outer tube, so that the lower edge of the outer tube is close to the upper edge of the curved part of the gastroscope. Bisanzwe shyiramo isastroscope hafi yumubiri wamahanga. Shyiramo ibikoresho bikwiye ukoresheje umuyoboro wa biopsy, nko imitego, imbaraga z'umubiri z'amahanga, n'ibindi nyuma yo gufata ikintu cy'amahanga, kivuga mu gituba cyo hanze, kandi igikoresho cyose kizasohokera hamwe n'indorerwamo.
b. Mu rugo Rumbrane igifuniko cyo gukingira: Koresha igikundiro cya reberi yubuvuzi kugirango ukore urugo rwa endoscope imbere-iherezo rikingira. Mugabanye mubyambwe byumuzi urekura unyura kumurongo. Kata umwobo muto kurutoki, hanyuma unyure kumpera yumubiri windorerwamo unyuze mu mwobo muto. Koresha impeta ntoya kugirango ikosore 1.0CM kure yimbere yimbere yisi, igasubiza inyuma yimpera yikindi isonga, hanyuma uyishyire hamwe na gastroscope kumubiri wamahanga. Fata umubiri wamahanga hanyuma ubikure hamwe hamwe na gastroscope. Ibihe biri gukingira bizasanzwe bimukira mu mubiri w'amahanga bitewe no kurwanya. Niba icyerekezo gihindukiye, kizapfunyika ahantu h'amahanga kugirango urinde.
Igicapo 5: Amagufwa y'amazi atyaye yakuweho muri amoko, hamwe n'ibishushanyo bya mucosal
4.6 Amahanga Yubusa
Usibye imbaraga zisanzwe, imirambo y'amahanga irashobora gukurwaho no guswera hamwe na magneti ingufu z'amahanga z'amahanga. Imirambo yamahanga iteje akaga cyangwa igoye gukuraho irashobora gufatwa endoscopique munsi ya x-ray fluoroscopy. Birasabwa gukoresha igitebo cyo gukuraho ibuye cyangwa gukurura ibuye.
Ibiceri biramenyerewe cyane mumiryango yamahanga mububiko bwibigosha bwabana (Ishusho 6). Nubwo ibiceri byinshi muri esophagusi birashobora kurengana bisanzwe, guhitamo endoscopic birasabwa. Kuberako abana barimo koperative, kuva muri endoscopique yumubiri wamahanga mubana bikorwa neza muri anesthesia rusange. Niba igiceri kigoye kubikuraho, birashobora gusunikwa munda hanyuma ugasohoka. Niba nta bimenyetso biri mu gifu, urashobora gutegereza ko bitandukanijwe bisanzwe. Niba igiceri gisigaye ibyumweru birenga 3-4 kandi ntikirukanwa, bigomba gufatwa neza.
Igishushanyo 6 Icyuma Cyiza
4.7 Amahanga Rukongorera
Imiryango ya Borrorose irashobora gutezi kwangirika kububiko bwigifu cyangwa ndetse na necrosis. Kwihutirwa Endoscopic bisabwa nyuma yo gusuzuma. Batteri ni umubiri wumunyamahanga usanzwe kandi akenshi ubaho mubana bari munsi yimyaka 5 (Ishusho 7). Nyuma yo kwangiza esofagus, birashobora gutera stenose ya habaho imyaka. Endoscopy igomba gusubirwamo mugihe cyibyumweru bike. Niba imiti ikozwe, Esofagus igomba gutegurwa vuba bishoboka.
Igishushanyo 7 Amahanga muri bateri, umwambi utukura yerekana aho ikintu cyamahanga
4.8 Amahanga Magnetic
Iyo imiryango myinshi ya magnetike cyangwa imirambo myinshi ya magneti ihujwe nicyuma irahari muburyo bwo hejuru bwo hejuru, ibintu bikurura kandi bigabanya urukuta rwa Ischeimine, bushobora gutera urukuta rwa Ischeire, rushobora gutera urukuta rwa Ischeimine, rushobora gutera urukuta rwa Ischemine, rushobora gutera urukuta rwa Ischeimive, rushobora gutera urukuta rwa Ischemine, rushobora gutera urukuta rwa Ischeimine, rushobora gutera urukuta rwa ISCrosis, rushobora gutera urukuta rwa ISCrosine, rushobora gutera urukuta rwa ISCrosis, rushobora gutera indwara ya ischemine, ishobora gutera ischesis, iroborora, kubanziriza, peritonitis ndetse no gukomeretsa bikomeye. , bisaba kwivuza byihutirwa Endoscopic. Ibintu byose bya magnetic bigomba no gukurwaho vuba bishoboka. Usibye imbaraga zisanzwe, imirambo ya magneti irashobora gukurwaho munsi yumubiri wa magneti.
4.9 Imibiri yo mu gifu
Abenshi muribo ni yoroheje, insinga z'icyuma, imisumari, n'ibindi. Yamizwe nkana n'imfungwa. Imibiri myinshi yabanyamahanga ni ndende kandi nini, biragoye kunyura muri karita, kandi birashobora gushushanya byoroshye umucous. Birasabwa gukoresha agakingirizo bihujwe nimiti yimbeba kugirango ukureho imibiri yamahanga mugizamini cya Endoscopique. Ubwa mbere, shyiramo imyenda yimbeba imbere yimbere ya endoscope ukoresheje umwobo waopscopic. Koresha imbeba-iryine kugirango ushireho impeta ya reberi hepfo ya gakingirizo. Noneho, ongera usubiremo imyenda yimbeba yerekeza ku mwobo wa biopsy kugirango uburebure bwa condabu butagaragara hanze yumwobo wa biopsy. Mugabanye byinshi bishoboka bitabangamiye umurima ureba, hanyuma uyinjire mumyanya ibiri hamwe na Endoscope. Nyuma yo kumenya umubiri wamahanga, shyira umubiri wamahanga mubukorikori. Niba bigoye gukuraho, shyira agakingirizo mumyanya ibiri, kandi ukoreshe ibyuma by'imbeba kugira ngo ushireho umurambo uyashyiramo. Imbere mu gakingirizo, koresha abantu b'imbeba, koresha abategura imbeba, bakoresha hamwe n'indorerwamo.
4.10 Amabuye y'igifu
Ibimera bigabanyijemo ibibyimba by'imboga, ibipimo by'inyamaswa, ibipimo by'ibiyobyabwenge bishishikarizwa n'ibikambo bivanze n'ibinyabuzima bivanze. Ibimera bimera nibisanzwe, ahanini biterwa no kurya uburozi, Hawthorns, amatariki yimbeho, amashaza, ipasha, na cocorp, na coconuts ku gifu cyuzuye. Byatewe n'ibindi bikoresho bishingiye ku gihingwa nka persimmons, hawthorns, na jujubes birimo acide ya mantani, pectin, na gum. Munsi y'ibikorwa bya aside igisibo, amazi-adashobora gusohora acice acike, bihuza pectin, gum, gushinga fibre, gukuramo fibre, na core. Amabuye y'igifu.
Amabuye y'igifu akoresha igitutu cy'igifu no gukangurira imyanya y'igifu, ishobora gutera isuri ya mucosali, ibisebe ndetse no kugabanya. Amabuye mato, yoroshye yoroshye arashobora gushonga hamwe na sodium bicarbonate nibindi biyobyabwenge hanyuma yemererwa gusohoka bisanzwe.
Ku barwayi bananiwe kwivuza, gukuramo amabuye ya Endoscopic ni uguhitamo kwambere (Ishusho 8). Kumabuye yisi bigoye gukuraho munsi yubunini bwa endoscopi bitewe nubunini bunini, imbaraga zumubiri zamahanga, imitego, ibitebo byo gukuraho amabuye, nibindi birashobora gukoreshwa mugusenya amabuye hanyuma ukabakura; Kubafite imiterere ikomeye idashobora guhonyora, guca porotopkopi yamabuye cyangwa kuvuza lithotrips cyangwa imiti miremire ya lithotric iri munsi ya 2cm nyuma yo kurenga, koresha imbaraga zumubiri zituruka kugirango uyikureho bishoboka. Bigomba kwitabwaho kugirango wirinde amabuye kurusha 2cm kuva gusohoka mu cyuho mu nda no gutera inzitizi.
Igishushanyo cyamabuye 8 mu gifu
4.11 Umufuka wibiyobyabwenge
Rupture yumufuka wibiyobyabwenge izatera ibyago byica kandi ni udukoko twahinduye ibintu bya endoscopic. Abarwayi badashoboye gusohora muburyo busanzwe cyangwa bakekwaho guturika igikapu cyibiyobyabwenge bagomba kubagwa cyane.
III. Ingorabahizi no kuvura
Ingorane zumubiri zamahanga zifitanye isano na kamere, imiterere, igihe cyo guturamo hamwe nurwego rukora kwa muganga. Ingorane nyamukuru zirimo imvune ya Mucopal, kuva amaraso, no kwandura perforation.
Niba umubiri wamahanga ari muto kandi nta byangiritse bya mucosal mugihe cyakuweho, ibitaro ntibisabwa nyuma yibikorwa, kandi imirire yoroshye irashobora gukurikizwa nyuma yo kwiyiriza amasaha 6.Ku barwayi bafite ibikomere bya Mucopal, glutamine granules, aluminium fosifate gel n'abandi bakozi ba Mucosal bashobora guhabwa ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso. Nibiba ngombwa, kwiyiriza ubusa kandi bya peripher birashobora gutangwa.
Ku barwayi bafite ibyangiritse bya mucosal bizwi kandi kuva amaraso, kuvura birashobora gukorwa muburyo bwa endoscopic icyerekezo cya endoscopic, nko gutera ice akonjeya norepine thispine. cyangwa endoscopic titanium titanium yerekana igikomere.
Ku barwayi CT ya mbere yuko CT ifite yerekana ko umubiri wamahanga winjiye mu rukuta rwa Esofageal nyuma yo gukuraho Endoscopic, niba umubiri wamahanga ukomeje kumasaha atarenze 24 na CT nta hantuho gushira hanze ya Lusofhage, kuvura endoscopic birashobora gukorwa muburyo butaziguye. Nyuma yumubiri wamahanga yakuwe muri Endoscope, Clip ya Titanium ikoreshwa mu guhashya urukuta rwimbere rwa Esofagus kurubuga rutoroshye, rushobora guhagarika kuva amaraso murimara icyarimwe. Umuyoboro wa Gastric hamwe n'umuyoboro wo kugaburira Jejunal ushyizwe mu kiganiro kiziguye cya Endoscope, kandi umurwayi arimo mu bitaro kugira ngo akomeretse. Kuvura birimo kuvura ibimenyetso nko kwiyiriza ubusa, ibitero bya gastrointestinal, antibiyotike nimirire. Mugihe kimwe, ibimenyetso byingenzi nkubushyuhe bwumubiri bugomba kubahirizwa hafi, kandi hagomba kubaho ingorane nkijosi suphyseaneuo cyangwa emphysemama yijosi rigomba kubahirizwa kumunsi wa gatatu nyuma yo kubagwa. Nyuma yamazi yamazi ya iyode angiography yerekana ko nta kumeneka, kurya no kunywa birashobora kwemerwa.
Niba umurambo wamahanga wagumishijwe amasaha arenga 24, niba indwara yanduye nkumuriro, gukonja, hamwe nibibazo byamaraso yera bibamo, niba CT imaze kugaragara cyane kubagwa, abarwayi bagomba kwimurwa kubagwa mugihe gikwiye.
IV. Ingamba
. Kubwibyo, ibikorwa byihutirwa Endoscopic birakenewe cyane cyane.
. Nibyiza gusaba kugisha inama cyane no kwitegura kubaga.
(3) Gukoresha neza ibikoresho byo kurinda ibyanze byabayeho birashobora kugabanya ibintu bibaho.
IbyacuImbaraga zo gufata nezaikoreshwa ifatanije na endoscope yoroshye, yinjira mumyanya y'umubiri w'umuntu nk'ubwato bw'imyumvire, Esofagus, mu nda, amara n'amahanga n'ubuhanga n'amahanga ndetse no gufata ibidangoma.
Igihe cyohereza: Jan-26-2024